Baby Born With the Intestines Not Attached to Colon Cause
Malrotation
Malrotation is an abnormality in which an infant's intestine hasn't formed in the correct style in the abdomen. Malrotation isn't oftentimes axiomatic unless the baby experiences a twisting of the intestine known as a volvulus. Though malrotation tin lead to complications, it's treatable when caught early on.
Overview
What is malrotation?
Malrotation is a rare prenatal abnormality in which a infant'due south intestine doesn't course or rotate in the right style in their abdomen. It occurs early in pregnancy (around the 10th calendar week) and develops when a babe's intestine fails to coil into the proper position. This means that parts of the intestines are in the wrong location.
Malrotation tin be asymptomatic (have no symptoms), and isn't oft evident unless a baby experiences an abnormal twisting of the intestine known as a volvulus. A volvulus causes an obstruction or blockage in the intestine, preventing food from existence digested normally. The claret supply to the twisted function of the intestine tin can too be cutting off, leading to the death of that segment of the intestine. This situation is an emergency and must be treated as soon as possible. A volvulus can be treated successfully with surgery, and your baby can grow and develop ordinarily.
How common is malrotation?
Malrotation occurs in around 1 out of every 500 births in the United States and usually presents within the first twelvemonth of a baby's life, though it may as well be asymptomatic. Only around 1 out of every 6000 infants will develop symptomatic malrotation, with 30% to 60% of cases diagnosed during the showtime calendar week of life.
Malrotation occurs every bit in boys and girls. However, more boys show symptoms within the first month of life than girls. Malrotation may also exist associated with other nativity or intestinal defects.
Symptoms and Causes
What causes malrotation?
The exact crusade of malrotation is unknown.
What are the symptoms of malrotation?
One of the earliest signs of malrotation is abdominal pain and cramping acquired by the inability of the bowel to push food by the obstruction.
Babies with cramps and pain due to malrotation frequently follow a typical pattern: they may draw their legs upwards and cry, settle for about 10 to 15 minutes and so brainstorm to cry once more. If your baby follows this pattern or experiences whatever of the following symptoms call your pediatrician right abroad.
Symptoms of malrotation may include:
- Frequent vomiting, often green or yellow-green in color.
- A bloated, firm abdomen.
- Pale color.
- Poor appetite.
- Little or no urine (due to fluid loss).
- Infrequent bowel movements.
- Blood in the stools.
- Fever.
- Lethargy (showing petty free energy).
Diagnosis and Tests
How is malrotation diagnosed?
After performing a thorough physical examination of your baby, your pediatrician will order tests that evaluate the position of the intestine, and show whether it's twisted or blocked. These tests may include:
- Abdominal 10-ray : an 10-ray that may testify abdominal obstructions.
- Barium enema Ten-ray : Barium is a liquid that makes the intestine testify upwardly more clearly on the X-ray. For this examination, barium is inserted into the intestine through the anus and and then X-rays are taken.
- CT scan : CAT or CT (computerized axial tomography) scan uses computers and X-rays to produce many pictures from multiple angles to give doctors an accurate picture of the trunk. In the case of possible malrotation, a CT scan looks for a blockage in 1 of the intestines. To aid practice this, a harmless dye is injected so that the blockage is more hands seen.
Management and Handling
How is malrotation treated?
Malrotation is considered an emergency situation and the development of volvulus is considered a life-threatening status. Surgery is required to fix the trouble.
- Your baby will be started on IV (intravenous) fluids to prevent dehydration. Your baby volition receive antibiotics to prevent infection, and sedation then your baby sleeps through the procedure.
- Starting time, the surgeon untwists the baby'south intestine and checks it for harm. If the intestine is healthy, it's so replaced in the belly.
- If the blood supply to the intestine is in question, the intestine may be untwisted and placed back into the abdomen.
- Your surgeon performs another operation inside 24 to 48 hours to check the health of your infant's intestine. If information technology appears that the intestine has been damaged, the injured section may exist removed.
For cases in which at that place is a large department of intestine that is damaged, a meaning amount of intestine may exist removed. When this occurs, the remaining parts of the intestine may not be able to be attached to each other surgically.
To correct this, a colostomy may be done to enable the digestive process to continue. With a colostomy, the two remaining salubrious ends of intestine are brought through openings in the belly. Stool will pass through the opening (called a stoma) so into a collection bag. The colostomy may exist temporary or permanent, depending on the amount of intestine that needed to be removed.
Outlook / Prognosis
What is the prognosis for malrotation?
Although surgery is required to repair malrotation, virtually children experience normal growth and development one time the condition is treated and corrected. The bulk of children with malrotation who experienced a volvulus don't have long-term problems if the volvulus was repaired promptly and there was no intestinal damage. Your medical squad will aid y'all sympathise the specific prognosis for your baby.
Source: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10029-malrotation
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